Discussion Language

  • Informal

  • Formal (job interview, etc.)

  • Group discussion:

  • Getting into the DIscussion:

    • showing the willingness of participation to the discussion

      • phrases
        • You see...
        • Well ...
        • You know ...
        • Now, ....
        • Of course, ...
      • Giving questions

    • e.g. scenarios:

      • rephrase someone else's words

      • refer to what previous speaker has said

      • If I understand you correctly, you believe that...

      • In other words, what you are saying is ... -> clarifying what the others mentioned before (refer back)

      • agreement/disagreement

        • simplistic phrases (x) ->

        • soft disagreement

          • I wouldn't necessarily agree with that.
          • Your view is slightly different from mine
          • I see it somewhat differently

    • active listening (intevene / asking for clarification)

Leading a Group discussiona

being a discussion leader (moderator) == being a tour guide

  • opening discussion

    • use open ended question : giving freedom to answer to the participants

  • ensure equal participation

    • encouraging "shy" members (information question: more complex than yes/no question)

      • what do you think?
      • cna you add something here?
      • we have'nt heard your opinion yet
      • how do you see this situation?
      • what do you think?

    • cutting off too-much-talkative members

      • ask a question + listen to the answer + redirect the anwer to other member in the group
      • focus on the procedure

    • bring things back on track (pruning off-topic discussion)

  • manage discussion

    • focusing on on-going topics

Informative presentation ()

  • hook

  • preview

  • body (main function of the presentation) !!

  • summary

  • concluding remarks

  • how to organize the information

    • chronological (+ reverse ordered)

    • sequential

      • showing process (e.g. recette)

    • geographical location

      • common themes in different places all over the world

    • problem / solution

    • cause / effect ->

    • effect / cause -> why some effect happened?

    • related substopics

      • e.g. english -> podcast, reading/listening cooking books, listening to music

    • advantage / disadvantage

    • verbal / visual queues to guide the audience